A Review of Histiocytic Diseases of Dogs and Cats

pathvet

Member
Joined
Aug 13, 2013
Messages
65
Reaction score
102
Points
18
China Veterinary Student
A Review of Histiocytic Diseases of Dogs and Cats
by P. F. Moore
Veterinary Pathology, 2014, 51(1): 167-184
Abstract:
Histiocytic proliferative disorders are commonly observed in dogs and less often cats. Histiocytic disorders occur in most of the
dendritic cell (DC) lineages. Canine cutaneous histiocytoma originates from Langerhans cells (LCs) indicated by expression of
CD1a, CD11c/CD18, and E-cadherin. When histiocytomas occur as multiple lesions in skin with optional metastasis to lymph
nodes and internal organs, the disease resembles cutaneous Langerhans cell histiocytosis of humans. Langerhans cell disorders
do not occur in feline skin. Feline pulmonary LCH has been recognized as a cause of respiratory failure due to diffuse pulmonary
infiltration by histiocytes, which express CD18 and E-cadherin and contain Birbeck’s granules. In dogs and cats, histiocytic sarcomas
(HS) arise from interstitial DCs that occur in most tissues of the body. Histiocytic sarcomas begin as localized lesions, which
rapidly disseminate to many organs. Primary sites include spleen, lung, skin, brain (meninges), lymph node, bone marrow, and
synovial tissues of limbs. An indolent form of localized HS, progressive histiocytosis, originates in the skin of cats. Hemophagocytic
HS originates in splenic red pulp and bone marrow macrophages in dogs and cats. In dogs, histiocytes in hemophagocytic HS
express CD11d/CD18, which is a leuko-integrin highly expressed by macrophages in splenic red pulp and bone marrow. Canine
reactive histiocytic diseases, systemic histiocytosis (SH) and cutaneous histiocytosis, are complex inflammatory diseases with
underlying immune dysregulation. The lesions are dominated by activated interstitial DCs and lymphocytes, which invade vessel
walls and extend as vasocentric infiltrates in skin, lymph nodes, and internal organs (SH).

 
Back
Top